Augmented Reality, also known as AR, is a technology that extends our physical world by adding layers of digital information to it. Unlike Virtual Reality (VR), AR does not create entire artificial environments to replace real ones with virtual ones.
AR appears on the screen directly with the existing environment and adds sound, video, graphics to it. Our view of the real world environment with computer generated images will change the perception of reality, that is what is called Augmented Reality. For example, the film Iron Man is included in AR and the film The Matrix is included in VR.
The term itself was coined in 1990, and one of the first commercial uses was in television and the military. With the advent of the internet and smartphones, AR launched new features and now most of them are related to interactive concepts. 3D models are projected directly onto physical things or blended together digitally in real time. Various Augmented Reality applications influence our habits, such as social life, and the entertainment industry. In the current industrial 4.0 era, an example of an AR application that we usually use for special 'markers' is with the help of GPS on cellphones to determine locations. Augmentation occurs in real-time and in the context of the environment, for example, marking a place using the Google Maps application.
There are currently 4 types of Augmented Reality, viz
Markerless AR,
Marker-based AR,
Projection-based AR, and
Superimposition-based AR.
How Augmented Reality Works?
How does AR work? AR has data such as images, animations, videos and 3D models that can be displayed and the user will see the results directly on the cellphone screen. AR can be displayed on various devices such as screens, glasses, handhelds, cellphones, head-up displays(HUD). This involves technologies such as SLAM (Simultaneous Localization and Mapping), depth tracking (as user data calculates the distance to objects), and other components such as the following:
Cameras and sensors. Collects data about user interactions and sends it for processing. The camera on the device scans the environment and the device finds physical objects which generates a 3D model. Each device has a special camera, such as Microsoft Hololens, or a smartphone camera to take pictures/videos.
processing. AR devices must eventually act like small computers, just like today's modern smartphones. In the same way, they need a CPU, GPU, flash memory, RAM, Bluetooth/WiFi, GPS, etc. Use to measure speed, angle, direction, orientation in space, and so on.
projection. This refers to the mini projector on the AR headset , which takes data from the sensor and projects it into digital content (processed output) into the environment for viewing. In fact, the use of projection in AR has not yet been fully discovered for use in commercial products or services.
reflection. Some AR devices have mirrors to help the human eye view virtual images. Some have a "little curved mirror" and some have a double-sided mirror to reflect light towards the camera and the user's eyes. The purpose of the reflection path is to perform a precise alignment of the image.
now....! next is there SDK what is SDK....?
Software Development Kit (SDK)
We have learned about Augmented Reality, how it works, what devices AR is used for, and what and for whom these devices are used. Next, we will get to know various AR technologies.
Before we discuss further what AR technology is, it's a good idea to first get to know a kit that is commonly used in application development. So, what is SDK or what is commonly called Software Development Kit? SDK is a set of software development tools. An application has a certain software package, such as a software framework alias framework, hardware platform, computer system, video game console, operating system, or similar development platform. To enrich applications with sophisticated functionality, most application developers apply this kit in the development of certain software. Several SDKs are very important to develop for an application that has a special platform. For example, developing Android applications on the Java platform requires Java Development Kit (JDK), iOS applications use the iOS SDK, and Universal Windows Platform uses the .NET Framework SDK. How about Augmented Reality?
Augmented Reality SDK
Well, we've explained a little about the Software Development Kit (SDK). What is Augmented Reality or AR SDK?
AR SDK is a technology that supports the development and creation of new applications and experiences. The role of the AR SDK is to carry out a task that is not easy, namely to combine digital content and information with the real world. The AR SDK is responsible for many of the app components currently available, including content rendering, AR tracking, and scene recognition. Rendering of content related to digital information and 3D objects that can be displayed to the real world (above the marker), and tracking through the "camera". Each AR SDK will be equipped with properties that allow AR developers to recognize, build, and track applications in the most optimal way.
Several AR SDKs that will be explained in this module are as follows
1. ARCore,
2. ARKit,
3. Vuforia,
4. ARToolkit,
5. AR Foundation,
6. Wikitude,
7. 8thWall,
8. Spark AR, and
9. LensStudio.
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