Contact with tear gas causes irritation of the respiratory system, eyes and skin. Pain occurs because the chemicals in tear gas bind to one of two pain receptors called TRPA1 and TRPV1.
TRPA1 is the same pain receptor as the oils in mustard, wasabi, and horseradish to give them their intense taste. The content of Chlorobenzylidenemalononitrile and Dibenzoxazepine is 10,000 times more potent than the oil found in this vegetable.
The severity of symptoms and their impact on health will also depend on the location of the tear gas firing. Such as indoors or outdoors, the distance at which tear gas is released, and whether the person exposed has had any previous health problems.
Some of the health effects of tear gas include:=
- Unintentional closing of the eyelids.
- Itching of the eyes.
- Burning sensation in the eyes.
- Temporary blindness.
- Blurred vision.
- Chemical burns.
Long-term or close-up exposure to tear gas can cause:
- Blindness.
- Bleeding.
- Nerve damage.
- Cataract.
- Corneal erosion.
In addition to having an impact on eye health, other dangers of tear gas are respiratory problems, irritation of the nose, throat, and lungs. People with previous breathing problems have a higher risk of developing severe symptoms, such as respiratory failure, when exposed to tear gas. In severe cases, exposure to high concentrations of tear gas or exposure in confined spaces or for long periods of time can lead to death.
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